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As per 2001 Census,
the Scheduled Tribe (ST) population of the
State of Orissa is 8,145,081. This constitutes
22.1 percent of the total population of the
State and 9.7 per cent of the total tribal
population of the country. The state holds
3rd and 11th rank among the States/UTs in
terms of ST population and the proportion
of ST population to total population of the
State respectively. The decennial growth of
ST population has been 15.8 per cent, which
is 0.5 per cent lower than the growth of population
(16.3 per cent). The State has a total of
sixty two (62) Scheduled Tribes, and all have
been enumerated at 2001 census.
2. The Scheduled Tribe population in the State
is overwhelmingly rural, with 94.5 per cent
residing in villages. District wise distribution
of ST population shows that Malkangiri district
has the highest proportion of STs (57.4 per
cent) followed by Mayurbhanj (56.6 per cent),
Rayagada (55.8 per cent) and Nabarangapur
(55 per cent). Puri district has the lowest
by proportion of STs (0.3 per cent).
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Population
: Size & Distribution
3. Out
of sixty two (62) STs, Khond is the most populous
tribe with a population of 1,395,643 constituting
17.1 percent of the total ST population. Gond
is the second largest tribe, having a number
of 782,104. having 9.6 per cent share in the
total ST population. Six other tribes namely,
Santal, Kolha, Munda, Saora, Shabar and Bhottada
along with Khond and Gond constitute 64.2 per
cent of the total ST population of the State.
Bhumij, Bhuiya, Oraon, Paroja and Kisan having
a population ranging from 248,144 to 321,592.
Together, they form 18.1 per cent. Five STs,
namely, Bhumia, Binjhal, Koya etc. having population
in the range of 103,537 to 196,846 constitute
9 per cent of total ST population. Remaining
forty four (44) tribes along with the generic
tribes constitute the residual 8.8 per cent
of total ST population of the State. Five tribes
namely Chenchu, Mankidi, Desua Bhumij, Ghara,
Tharua are very small groups having less than
500 population. |
4.
District wise distribution of the individual
ST shows that Khond have the highest proportion
(93.3 per cent) in Kandhamal district, followed
by Nayagarh (76.9 per cent), Baudh(76.4 per
cent), and Rayagada (71.1 per cent) districts.
Gond have the highest concentration in Nabarangapur
districts followed by Nuapada district whereas
Santal and Kolha are primarily concentrated
in Mayurbhanj district. Other four STs, Munda,
Saora, Shabar and Bhottada are primarily concentrated
in Sundargarh, Bargarh, Gajapati and Nabarangapur
districts respective
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