The
coastal plains can be termed as a land of
‘six deltas’ of the Subarnarekha
and the Budha Balanga, the middle coastal
plains the combined deltas of the Baitarani,
the Brahmani and the Mahanadi and the South
coastal plains (The Rushikulya plains).
The
mountainous region of Orissa covers about
three-fourths of the area of the State. This
region is a part of Indian peninsula. Here
deep and broad valleys are cut by the Baitarani,
the Brahmani, the Mahanadi, the Rushikulya,
the Vansadhara and the Nagavali rivers. They
are fertile, well-drained and thickly populated.
Morphologically this region can be divided
into the following units (a) the
Simulia and the Meghasan mountains, (b) the
Baitarani and the Brahamani interfluous, (c)
the water shed between the Brahmani and the
Mahanadi, (d) the water shed of Rushikulya
and the Vansadhara. The elevation ranges from
610 to 1, 068 meters.
The
rolling uplands are lower in elevation than
the plateaus. They vary from 153m. to 305m.
They are the products of continued river action,
are rich in soil nutrients, and are situated
in the Koelsankh basin of the upper Brahmani
in the IB, the Suktel and the Tel of the middle
Mahanadi and the Sabari basins. The rolling
uplands may be grouped as follows : the Rajgangpur
uplands, the Jharsuguda uplands, the Bargarh
uplands, the Bolangir-Titilagarh-Patnagarh
uplands, the Bhawanipatna uplands, the Malkangiri
uplands and the Rairangpur uplands.
